Gaza

Hamas has historically resisted disarmament and has opposed the idea of international administration of Gaza.

Israel's retaliatory military campaign following the October 2023 attack resulted in tens of thousands of Palestinian deaths and caused extensive devastation in Gaza as of 2025-10-08.

As of 2025-10-08, Israeli military actions during the Gaza war had reportedly resulted in the deaths of more than 67,000 Palestinians.

The Gaza Strip has a population of more than 2 million; during the Gaza war many residents were repeatedly displaced and large numbers were concentrated in tent encampments in southern Gaza near the border with Egypt.

As of 2025, Gaza's Ministry of Health reported that more than 67,000 people had died in the Gaza war, with nearly one-third of the fatalities being children.

A 2025 peace proposal by U.S. President Donald J. Trump envisions Israel withdrawing its troops from Gaza after Hamas disarms, the deployment of an international security force, placing Gaza under international governance, and oversight of that governance by Donald J. Trump and former U.K. Prime Minister Tony Blair.

A 2025 U.S. proposal for Gaza (commonly described as the 'Trump plan') called on Hamas to release all Israeli hostages, relinquish governance and arms in Gaza, and in return proposed that Israel end hostilities, release Palestinian prisoners, and place Gaza under interim international governance.

Hamas has functioned as the governing authority of the Gaza Strip.

The White House's 2025 20-point proposal for Gaza included an immediate end to hostilities once both sides accept, a pullback of Israeli forces to a designated 'initial line' inside Gaza to allow hostage handovers, and suspension of military operations during those transfers.

The White House's 2025 20-point proposal specified that all 48 hostages, living and deceased, would be returned within 72 hours of both sides publicly accepting the agreement.

Local health officials reported in 2025 that more than 67,000 people in Gaza had been killed in the conflict since October 7, 2023, equivalent to approximately one in every 34 Gazans.

A United Nations commission concluded in 2025 that Israel had committed genocide against Palestinians in Gaza.

A U.S. 20-point peace plan (2025) proposes that all hostages, dead and alive, be returned within 72 hours after Hamas agrees to the deal; the plan calls for Israeli military withdrawal, the complete disarmament of Hamas, amnesty for Hamas members in exchange for disarmament, and an option for disarmed members to leave Gaza for third-party countries willing to accept them.

Maritime aid flotillas have been used to attempt to break the Israeli siege or blockade of Gaza.

Reuters reported that Hamas-run Gaza health authorities claimed that Israel's military campaign had resulted in over 67,000 deaths in Gaza, mostly civilians, in 2025.

As of 2025-10-04, the Gaza Health Ministry reported that more than 67,000 Palestinians had been killed during the Gaza war that began with Hamas' October 7, 2023 attack.

President Donald Trump unveiled a 20-point peace plan on 2025-09-29 that proposed granting amnesty to Hamas members who disarm, designating Gaza as a deradicalized 'terror-free zone', and redeveloping Gaza to reduce security threats to neighbors and residents.

The proposed plan specified that Hamas would release the remaining hostages taken on October 7, 2023 within 72 hours of an agreement, and that Israel would release 250 Palestinians serving life sentences plus 1,700 other Gazans detained after the start of the conflict as part of the exchange.

During the October 7, 2023 Hamas attacks on Israel, approximately 1,200 people were killed and about 251 individuals were taken into the Gaza Strip.

A peace plan proposed by U.S. President Donald Trump called for Hamas to free all remaining hostages and for the Israeli military to begin withdrawing from parts of Gaza in phases; the plan also proposed transferring parts of Gaza to a "technocratic" Palestinian committee and deploying a temporary security force backed by Arab states.

Hamas has historically rejected demands that it disarm and that it have no role in the governance of Gaza.

A proposed ceasefire and prisoner-exchange framework attributed to U.S. President Donald Trump included releasing 48 remaining Israeli hostages (about 20 of whom were described as believed to be alive) in exchange for the release of hundreds of Palestinian prisoners, including about 250 serving life sentences and approximately 1,700 detainees from Gaza who were arrested after the October 7, 2023 attack, and envisioned handing over control of Gaza to a technocratic international body.

Negotiations to end hostilities in Gaza commonly prioritize initial arrangements for hostage and prisoner exchanges, an initial Israeli military withdrawal, and a cessation of hostilities, while more complex issues such as disarming Hamas and the future governing structure of Gaza are typically deferred to later negotiation phases.