Palestinians

Israel's retaliatory military campaign following the October 2023 attack resulted in tens of thousands of Palestinian deaths and caused extensive devastation in Gaza as of 2025-10-08.

As of 2025-10-08, Israeli military actions during the Gaza war had reportedly resulted in the deaths of more than 67,000 Palestinians.

As of 2025-10-07, Gaza’s Health Ministry reported 67,160 Palestinian deaths and nearly 170,000 wounded in the war in Gaza; the ministry stated it does not differentiate between civilians and combatants and that more than half of the deaths were women and children, and the ministry is part of the Hamas-run government; the United Nations and many independent experts consider the ministry’s figures to be the most reliable estimate of wartime casualties.

As of 2025, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank expressed deep distrust toward both Israel and the United States, driven by a prolonged two-year war, ongoing settler violence in the West Bank, and military restrictions.

As of 2025, many Palestinians viewed external ceasefire or peace proposals with skepticism and believed such agreements were unlikely to produce lasting peace, citing past collapsed deals and distrust in the parties involved.

A United Nations commission concluded in 2025 that Israel had committed genocide against Palestinians in Gaza.

The Trump administration supports a two-state solution for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, conditioned on direct negotiation with Israel and the fulfillment of defined security conditions.

A 2025 Gallup poll found about one-third of U.S. adults said they sympathized more with the Palestinians.

South Africa has a longstanding official stance of support for the Palestinian cause dating back to Nelson Mandela's presidency (1994–1999), and South African officials have compared Israel's treatment of Palestinians to apartheid while Israel rejects that comparison.