U.S. federal government

Air traffic controllers are classified as excepted (essential) federal employees who are required to continue working during a U.S. federal government shutdown and may not receive pay until appropriations resume.

U.S. federal government shutdowns can disrupt or delay the regular release of key economic data.

A 'furlough' in the context of a U.S. federal government shutdown refers to federal employees being told not to work during the shutdown and not receiving pay while the shutdown is in effect.

During U.S. federal government shutdowns, some federal employees continue to work but do not receive pay while the shutdown is in effect.

In prior U.S. federal government shutdowns, federal employees who were furloughed subsequently received back pay after the shutdown ended.

When the U.S. federal government shuts down, agencies typically furlough employees who are not considered essential.

A lapse in federal appropriations can lead to federal employees being placed in furlough status during which they may be unable to perform official duties.

Under U.S. law, the federal government can federalize a state's National Guard by asserting a rebellion or similar basis, and courts can review whether the government has met the legal threshold for such a declaration.

The U.S. federal government collected roughly $215 billion in tariffs in fiscal year 2025 (October 1, 2024–September 30, 2025), according to the U.S. Treasury Department.

The U.S. Treasury Department reported that the U.S. federal government collected roughly $215 billion in tariffs during the 2025 fiscal year, which ran from October 2024 to September 30, 2025.

Fiscal Year 2025 covered the period October 1, 2024 through September 30, 2025.

During U.S. federal government shutdowns, congressional staff generally do not receive paychecks for pay periods that fall during the shutdown but receive backpay after funding is restored; members of Congress can elect administrative withholding of their salary during a shutdown but must receive the withheld amounts as backpay once the government is funded again.

A U.S. executive order titled "Keeping Men Out of Women's Sports" issued on 2024-02-05 directs that schools that allow biological males to compete in girls' sports may face federal funding freezes.

The U.S. federal government underwent a 35-day shutdown from December 22, 2018 to January 25, 2019, the longest federal government shutdown on record.

The U.S. federal high school longitudinal studies program began in 1972 and has collected data on six large cohorts of high school students, including student, parent and teacher surveys, academic transcripts, and thousands of variables, with follow-ups typically spanning about a decade.

The U.S. federal government has the authority to federalize National Guard units and deploy those federalized troops across state lines.

U.S. federal leak investigations have included use of polygraph examinations and aggressive tactics such as seizing phone and email records to identify sources of disclosures.