Hybrid warfare combines kinetic and non-kinetic methods, and can include attacks on undersea cables, airports, logistics hubs and elections as well as cyber-based aggression designed to be deniable.
August 17, 2025
high
definition
Describes the mix of tactics used in hybrid/gray-zone campaigns against states or regions.
The European Union planned to mobilize nearly $930 billion in defense expenditures through 2030, an amount characterized as the largest surge of defense spending in the Union's history.
August 17, 2025
high
statistical
Aggregate defense spending commitment covering an EU-wide multiyear period through 2030.