MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in sperm cells can mediate transmission of environmental effects such as diet, stress, and toxin exposure to the embryo.
high
descriptive
miRNAs in sperm act as carriers of epigenetic information that can influence embryonic development.
Exercise increases levels of the protein PGC-1 alpha in muscle, and PGC-1 alpha activates genes that promote mitochondrial biogenesis.
high
descriptive
PGC-1 alpha is a regulator that links exercise to increased mitochondrial production in muscle.
The protein NCoR1 inhibits PGC-1 alpha, acting as a regulatory brake on PGC-1 alpha–driven activation of mitochondrial and metabolic genes.
high
descriptive
NCoR1 functions as a negative regulator of PGC-1 alpha–mediated metabolic and mitochondrial programs.